The longest war : sex differences in perspective / Carol Tavris, Carole Offir. 6

Includes index. 56

Bibliography: p. 297-314.

Introduction: The longest war -- The bitter half: themes of misogyny -- Controlling female sexuality -- Keeping women in their place -- Justifying female inferiority -- The female paradox: attitudes vs. reality -- Cultural consistencies -- An American dilemma -- Perspectives on female otherness -- The sexes: defining the qualities -- Sex differences, real and imagined -- Sex differences in ability -- Verbal ability -- Quantitive ability -- Creativity -- Cognitive style and spatial ability -- Physical abilities -- Sex differences in personality -- Sociability and love -- Empathy -- Emotionality -- Dependence -- Nurturance -- Aggressiveness -- Sexuality -- The Victorian heritage -- The scientific study of sex -- Premarital sex -- Extramarital sex -- Homosexuality -- Sexual fantasies -- Masturbation -- The great orgasm controversy -- Who has them and how? -- The vaginal-clitoral debate -- New problems in changing times -- Biology and learning -- The Mangaian example -- The sexes: explaining the inequalities -- Genes, hormones, and instincts: the biological perspective -- Of baboons and biology -- Prenatal factors -- Genes and gender -- Genes and spatial visualization -- Prenatal sex hormones -- Labels and identity -- Sex hormones in adults -- Menstruation and mood -- Menopause and melancholy -- Testosterone and temperament -- The maternal instinct -- Evaluating the biological perspective -- Freud, fantasy, and the fear of woman: the psychoanalytic perspective -- The unconscious -- The psychosexual stages of development -- The Oedipus complex -- Consequences of penis envy -- Anatomy is destiny -- Attacks on penis envy -- A social metaphor? -- Men's envy of women -- Men's fear of women -- Evaluating psychoanalysis -- Science or art? -- Experimental evidence -- Existential identity and vulnerability -- Getting the message: the learning perspective -- Socialization theories: two sexes and how they grow -- Social-learning theory -- Cognitive-developmental theory -- Identification -- Sources of socialization -- Parents: perceptions and lessons -- Teachers: the hidden curriculum -- Media messages -- Subliminal communication -- Some consequences of socialization -- Self-esteem vs. self-dislike -- The achievement motive -- Evaluating the learning perspective -- Earning the bread vs. baking it: the sociological perspective -- Work: opportunity, power, and tokenism -- The trouble with tokens -- The changing face of the work force -- Marriage: cage or castle? -- His and hers marriages -- Why wives and husbands thrive: the housewife syndrome -- The working-wife syndrome -- Of housework and husbands -- Evaluating the sociological perspective -- The origins of roles and rituals: the evolutionary perspective -- Some customs in social context -- The case of the Yanomamo -- Social dilemmas and sexual rituals -- Sexuality vs. the system -- Subsistence and status: why men matter more -- The Marxist model -- Digression: a fable -- Hunters and gatherers vs. horticulturalists -- Evaluating the evolutionary perspective -- Cultural vs. biological evolution -- Conclusion: the age of alliance? -- Case 1: the Soviet Union -- Case 2: the Scandinavian countries, especially Sweden -- Case 4: the Israeli kibbutz -- The perspectives in perspective -- The hand that rocks the cradle.

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