Self-esteem and academic profile of sheltered and unsheltered working children / Dario C. Maligalig. 6

Thesis (M.A.) -- Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila, 2001.;A thesis presented to the faculty of the Graduate School of Arts, Sciences, and Education in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Psychology. 56

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ABSTRACT: Statement of the Problem: The study focused on the level of self-esteem and academic performance of sheltered and unsheltered working children. It sought to answer the following questions. 1. What is the socio-demographic profile of the respondents in terms of: a. Age b. Gender c. Number of children in the family d. Ordinal position e. Type of family 2. What is the self-esteem profile of the working children among the following aspects: a. General self b. Home/Parent c. School/Academic d. Social/Peer e. Level of Lying 3. What is the academic performance of the respondents based on their GWA? 4. Is there a significant relationship between the socio-demographic profile variables of sheltered and unsheltered working children in each of the following: a. Self-esteem b. Academic Performance 5. Is there a significant difference between sheltered and unsheltered working children when grouped according to: a. Self-esteem b. Academic Performance c. Level of lying 6. What significant correlation exists between self-esteem and academic performance of sheltered and unsheltered working children? Methodology: The descriptive method using the sample survey was used in this study. Selected elementary schools of District II of the city of Manila were the research locale of the study. The purposive sampling technique was used in this study wherein the samples were selected on the following criteria: 1. The child must have a generating income in cash or in kind continuously for at least one year. 2. The child must be engaged in his work at minimum of three hours a day with a frequency of at least four times per week. 3. They are enrolled in any public school in District II City of Manila for SY 2000-2001. 4. Working children with an age ranging from 7-14 years old. A total of 231 working children satisfies the criteria and were given invitation and parental consent forms, however only two hundred seventeen (217) responded positively. Statistical treatment: For problem 1 and 2 percentage and mean (x) was used. For problem 3 relative frequency was also used. For problem 4, the Pearson - Moment of Correlation was used to test the significance of the variable. For problem 5 the t-test was used to compare the means of the two groups and for problem 6, Pearson coefficient of correlation was used to determine the correlation existing between the two groups. Summary of the Findings: Majority of the respondents for both sheltered and unsheltered working children are in the age bracket of 9-10, female is greater than male for both groups. Most of the unsheltered respondents are first born whereas second to the last child is higher in percentage for sheltered respondents. Most of the respondents came from a big family that fall under the bracket of 8-9 numbers of sibling in the family. Majority of the type of family where they belong for both groups, were extended family. Both sheltered and unsheltered working children in the over-all level of self-esteem, general self-aspect are in low level, whereas unsheltered working children slightly better in the social self-aspect. Also both groups have moderate level of self-esteem in school academic. Most of the sheltered working children have an average academic performance, whereas majority of the unsheltered working children has below average academic performance. There is a significant relationship between socio-demographic profile and self-esteem and academic performance however there is no significant relationship between age, type of family, gender and academic performance for sheltered and unsheltered working children. There is a significant difference in the general self, social peer of self-esteem and academic performance of the respondents. Conclusion: In view of the foregoing findings the following conclusions were drawn: 1. There is a significant relationship in the self-esteem of sheltered and unsheltered working children in the following variables: age, type of family, and gender. 2. Socio-demographic variables such as age, number of children in the family, ordinal position has a significant relationship in the academic performance of sheltered and unsheltered working children. 3. There is a correlation existing between self-esteem and academic performance of sheltered and unsheltered working children. Recommendation: In accordance with the findings and conclusions the following recommendation are offered: 1. There is a need for the school administrators to be sensitive and take a serious cognizance on the proper utilization of the development of a working child, particularly by training the concerned personnel in the proper ways of handling the child. The working children should be guided or directed accordingly. 2. Training on parenting skills should be given to the parents of the concerned party. 3. There is a need for the working children to have training programs such as: a. Holistic approach to life, by having a Stress Management workshop b. Personality Development 4. For future researchers, further studies can be conducted on the following: a. The effects of Neuro-Linguistic Programming on the self-esteem of the working children b. Establishment of profile of the working children in urban and rural areas based on I.Q., E.Q., mental health and interpersonal values.

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