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The risk of cancer among radiologists due to repeated exposure to low dose radiation in London 1951-1990 /        6 
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by Carina Flor S. Villasis, Kay Ann Garcia, Kristine Gonzales, Shermela H-noor, Nicolo Mayo Infante, Daisy Jayne Josue, Julieann Pearl Quintos. 
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<br/><br/>   Thesis (Undergraduate) -- Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila, Intramuros, Manila, [198?].;A thesis presented to the faculty of the Department of Science, Technology and Society, Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila. 
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<br/><br/> SUMMARY.    This study is about the risk of cancer among the radiologists who are usually exposed to prolonged low dose radiation.  Radiologists who registered with the British Institute of Radiology in London from 1951 to 1990 were used as index point.  Of the 1760 radiologists, a total of 490 cases of cancer were noted - Leukemia (195), Thyroid Cancer (160), Lung cancer (65), Bone Cancer (40), Breast Cancer (29), and Skin Cancer (1).    This incidence is relatively higher than that of the normal population by about 2%.  The pattern of Cancer Mortality of the study group was further analyzed by its effect on the life expectancy of the normal population.  It was noted, the life expectancy of the observed group ( radiologists) was shorter by 2-3 years.      Various occupational groups (including nurses) similarly exposed to radiation compared with the Radiologists in terms of amount of radiation absorbed.  It was noted that Radiologists were exposed to about 650 mrem/year which was way below the 5 rem/year (MPD) limit set by the ICRU (International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements).  Compared to other occupational groups, this is relatively high.  The nurses are exposed to about only 50% the amount.  Only workers in power generating sectors and money approximate this amount.    The peculiarity however of the radiologists' occupational exposure is that, although it is way below Maximum Permissible Dose (MPD), exposure is continuous, prolonged and repeated though characteristically of low dose.  Definitely, it is a cause for alarm.    Extensive studies regarding exposure to low dose radiation and its hazardous effects are needed to fully appreciate the risk.       
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