Acebedo, Karyl Mier L.; Bondoc, MarcAcebedo, Karyl Mier L.; Bondoc, Marco Antonio M., Carlos, Cherrie Mae D.; Gonzales, Renz Erika D.; Laureano, Anna Patricia A.; Sacay, Kristian Irish P. and Samson, Ma Jeannica Paula S.o Antonio M., Carlos, Cherrie Mae D.; Gonzales, Renz Erika D.; Laureano, Anna Patricia A.; Sacay, Kristian Irish P. and Samson, Ma Jeannica Paula S. 4 0
Level of Awareness and Compliance of first time mothers on expanded program on immunization: Basis for enhancement of health information dissemination 6
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Acebedo, Karyl Mier L.; Bondoc, Marco Antonio M., Carlos, Cherrie Mae D.; Gonzales, Renz Erika D.; Laureano, Anna Patricia A.; Sacay, Kristian Irish P. and Samson, Ma Jeannica Paula S.
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Thesis (Undergraduate) Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila, 2010;College of Nursing, Bachelor of Science in Nursing
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ABSTRACT: Immunization is one of the most efficient and cost-effective means of preventing disease. The principles of herd immunity - the presence of immune groups that limit the likelihood of disease transmission to susceptible individuals, is very important to disease prevention and control. There is a social responsibility for the individuals to keep vaccinations up-to-date. Incomplete immunization for families and communities. The motivation of the researchers in conducting this study is to aid in the development of interventions that will assist in reducing the barriers that affect the compliance of the mothers in EPI, which the researchers were able to observe during their Related Learning Experience (RLE) on health centers. Hence, the researchers would like to assess the level of awareness and the compliance of first time mothers regarding the EPI in order to develop a basis for enhancement of health information dissemination in the community. The study aims to determine the level awareness and the compliance of first time mothers regarding the Expanded Program on Immunization. Specifically, it aims to answer the following: 1) What is the demographic profile of the first time mothers as to: 1.1 Age 1.2 Educational Attainment 1.3 Socio-economic status 2) What is the level of awareness of the first time mothers on the Expanded Program on Immunization in terms of: 2.1 EPI Thrust Program of the Department of Health 2.2 EPI Preventable Disease 2.3 EPI Preventable Disease 2.4 EPI Contraindications and Side Effects 3) What is the level of compliance of the first time mothers on the Expanded Program on Immunization in terms of: 3.1 EPI Schedule 3.2 EPI Preventive Measures 4) Is there a significant relationship between the demographic profile and the level of awareness of the first time mothers on the Expanded Program on Immunization? 5) Is there a significant relationship between the demographic profile and the level of compliance of the first time mothers on the Expanded Program on Immunization? The following null hypotheses were formulated: 1) There is no significant relationship between the demographic profile and the level of awareness of first time mothers on the Expanded Program on Immunization. 2) There is no significant relationship between the demographic profile and the level of compliance of first time mothers on the Expanded Program on Immunization. The conceptual framework adapts that the demographic profile of the respondents may have a relationship with their level of awareness and compliance on the Expanded Program on Immunization. The researchers used the descriptive correlational research design in order to achieve the goals of the study. The researchers used the descriptive correlational research design in order to achieve the goals of the study. The researchers conducted the survey on the Barangays 11, 13, 28 and 32 which under the B.O. Fuguso Health Center, situated at Tondo, the 1st district of Manila. There is a total of 35 respondents subjected to the study. Moreover, this study used purposive sampling technique. In the tool, a 4-point Likert scale was used and the questionnaire was divided into two parts. The first part is about the demographic data of the respondents while the second part was composed of 28 statements that the researchers utilized to assess the respondents level of awareness and compliance on Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI). Percentage distribution, mean score computation and chi-square were used in the computation. The followings findings and conclusions were derived: 1. The demographic profile of the respondents according to their age group, most of the respondents are within the age range of 20-24 years old with a percentage of 45.71%. In terms of educational attainment, forty percent or majority of the respondents are college undergraduates. In terms of their employment status, results showed that most of the respondents are unemployed with a percentage of 77.14. Lastly, in terms of the monthly family income, most of the respondents family earn between the amounts of P5,000-P9,999 with a percentage of 57.14. 2. For the awareness of mothers about childhood immunization, we found out that the respondents have a very high level of awareness in terms of the EPI. Thrust Program of the Department of Health, EPI preventable diseases and EPI schedule. On the other hand, they have a high level of awareness regarding EPI contraindications and side effects. It can be concluded that the mothers may be fully aware of the existence of the program however, they still have inadequate knowledge regarding the conditions where in the vaccination of their child can be deferred or the conditions that are considered to be contraindications for immunization. Health teachings regarding the said topic should be enhanced in order to facilitate greater awareness of the mothers in the program. 3. The study also attested that the compliance of the respondents within the vicinity of B.O Fuguso Health Center on the Expanded Program on Immunization is very high in terms of the Expanded Program on Immunization's Schedule and Preventive Measures. It entails that the first time mothers in the Bo. Fuguso Health Center comply with the appropriate timing of administration of each vaccine. In terms of the preventive measures, the result indicates that the first time mothers know when to bring or not their child for immunization. Although the subjects are first time mothers who lack experience of having a child undergo immunization, they still tend to comply with the program. 4. For the test of significant relationship between the demographic profile and the level of awareness of the first time mothers in the Expanded Program on Immunization where Chi-Square was used; age, employment status and family monthly income have no significant relationship on the level of awareness of the first time mothers on the Expanded Program on Immunization. Moreover, based from the computation, only the educational attainment has a significant relationship on the level of awareness of mothers on the Expanded Program Immunization. With the obtained value of 37.31 and the tabulated value of 32.671 which is less than the obtained value. The decision resulted to reject the null hypothesis and accept the alternative hypothesis. This means that educational attainment is one of the factors affecting the awareness of the first time mothers regarding the Expanded Program on Immunization. Hence, the higher the educational level attained, denotes a higher level of awareness on the EPI. Moreover, the mothers need to be informed further about the contraindications and side effects of each vaccine. 5. For the test of significant relationship between the demographic profile and the level of compliance of the first time mothers in the Expanded Program on Immunization; age, educational attainment, employment status and family monthly income have no significant relationship on the level of compliance of the first time mothers of Bo. Fugoso Health Center. Hence, it implies that these demographic factors are not determinants of the mothers adherence to the program. The following recommendations are being forwarded based on the findings of the study: For the mothers, they are encouraged to know the multiple benefits of immunization to their children. Since they are first time mothers, they are advised to be aware of government programs that can help them in giving quality care to their child. They are also advised to continue their efforts in giving their child the optimum care. They are encouraged to have their child's immunization record that can help them to be updated on the recommended schedule on the Expanded Program on Immunization, by keeping this record, missed vaccinations can be prevented. They are also recommended to be aware and to comply not only with the immunization program of the government but also to other health programs that can help them in giving a quality care to their child. For the health institutions, by recognizing and understanding factors associated with suboptimal compliance to vaccinations, they are recommended to target their effort at stressing and reinforcing the vital importance of immunizations. Methods to enhance compliance to vaccinations may include reminder calls/mail notification of parents, initiation of health education programs for parents and health professionals, and open communication and trust between care takers of children and physicians. For the nursing profession, they are recommended to enhance their skills in disseminating information about the benefits and importance of immunization to the child most especially to the first time mothers. For the community health nurses and health workers, they are encouraged to continue their hard work in information giving, and encouraging mothers to comply with different health programs that can help the in preserving the health of their family. For the nursing education, they are advised to enhanced their facilitation of education to promote improvement and innovations engaging strategies in effective teaching communication of the educators concerning not only on the awareness and compliance on the EPI, but also on the implementation of this health program. The nursing education is recommended to stress the importance of health education to clients which can be an effective tool in encouraging mothers to comply with the government health programs. For the nursing students, they are recommended to empower their proficiency in health education to improve dissemination of health information not only about EPI but also other health programs for the clients. They are also recommended to develop their skills in conveying and confidence in interacting with the people in the community to facilitate better information dissemination. For the future r