Escaņo, Carmelita Grey.  4  0   <br/><br/>
Writing needs in English of Seafarers :  inputs for a proposed Maritime English Training Module /      6 
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Carmelita G. Escaņo. 
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<br/><br/>   Thesis (M.A.) -- Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila, 2014.;A thesis presented to the Graduate School of arts and Sciences and Education, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree in Master of Arts in Education Major in Educational Administration. 
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<br/><br/> ABSTRACT:  This paper determines the writing needs in English of seafarers who graduated with any bachelor degree from different Maritime Schools and enrolled from March to April in Far East Maritime Foundation, Inc. as trainees of Maritime English Course.  The researcher used the descriptive and correlation method of research in obtaining the data needed. Purposive sampling technique was utilized by the researcher wherein 120 trainees were able to participate.  To evaluate the writing prompt for the writing skills of the respondents, the scoring rubric was adapted and used by the researcher from Cayao (2005). This rubric was used to assess the essays of the traine-respondents. It contained the four writing skills in terms of Content and focus, Organizational coherence, Style and language and Mechanics. The essays of the respondents were evaluated by three experts in the language teaching.  The mean and standard deviation were computed to determine the weakness of the respondents' writing skills in term s of the above mentioned skills. T-test was utilized to determine the difference between the respondents' self-assessed writing proficiency level and the experts' assessment. Then,  Spearman rho and ETA were employed which reveal the relationship between the respondents' profile and the experts' assessment and the respondents' self-assessed proficiency level in writing. SPSS was utilized to compute statistically the data gathered.  The researcher found that there is a significant difference between the respondents' self-assessed writing proficiency level and the experts' assessment in term s of the respondents' writing skills. The null hypothesis is rejected. The null hypothesis for the relationship of the experts' and self-assessment' of the respondents' writing skills and their profile in terms of degree, experience, and age are all rejected which were all verbally interpreted as moderate significant relationship.  The conclusion which the researcher derived from the result of the study is that in terms of degree, the respondents' profile showed that the highest frequency falls under those who graduated with Bachelor of Science in Marine Transportation (BSMT) and Bachelor of Science in Marine Engineering (BSME). In terms of the respondents' on board experience, it is evident that there is a greater chance for the apprentice to be the priority than those who have acquired more years in experience; while in terms of the respondents' age, it appears that the younger the seafarer the more chances he has to be hired compared to those 51 years old and above. As for the respondents' self-assessed writing proficiency level, the researcher observed that they have overrated themselves giving a result of very satisfactory compared to the experts' assessment which is fair. The researcher concluded that the respondents must be given different writing activities to improve their writing skills.  The researcher recommends that the existing Maritime English course should be enhanced by giving more emphasis on the seafarers' writing proficiency skills particularly on Content and focus, Organizational coherence, Style and language, and Mechanics. These writing skills are necessary for what is being required of them in their work and profession. In addition, the researcher also suggests, for teachers to devise effective and more appropriate teaching strategies that will enlighten the learning desire and basic language skills of the students/ trainees and to give a more challenging writing prompt.       
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