Mining and the environment in the Philippines : the limits on civil society in a weak state. 6
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ABSTRACT : This article examines events in Marinduque and the nation to identify trends in environmental policy as related to mining. It discusses the extent to which nongovernment organizations have influenced environmental policy in a weak state and the methods by which these organizations pursue their objectives. It sees the presidency, local elites, and the bureaucracy as intervening variable. It also looks at the global dimension,including foreign capital and the world market, but also the global connections of civil society groups in the Philippines. Despite better laws and scientific reports, the protection of the environment is far from complete and many tasks remain.