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100			_e _e _aChristian U. Suñiga, Christian Louis Mananghaya, Jhane Michelle M. Somontina, Ma. Kassandra C. De Jose, Rose Ann D. Bejasa, Clarissa Aubrey D. Peralta _d _b4 _u _c0 _q16
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245		0	_a _aComparative analysis between life insurance entities financial performance based on their paid-up capital and its effect on investor's decision-making in terms of acquiring shares _d _b _n _c _h6 _p
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500			_a _aResearch Paper: (BSBA major in Financial Management) - Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila, 2023 _d _b _c56
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520			_b _b _c _aABSTRACT This thesis entitled, Comparative Analysis Between Life Insurance Entities' Financial Performance Based on Their Paid-up Capital and its Effect on Investor's Decision-Making in Terms of Acquiring Shares, was prepared by SUÑIGA, CHRISTIAN U., MANANGHAYA, CHRISTIAN LOUIS, SOMONTINA, JHANE MICHELLE M., DE JOSE, MA. KASSANDRA C., BEJASA, ROSE ANN D., AND., PERALTA, CLARISSA AUBREY D., in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT, has passed the oral examination and evaluation before a Committee on Oral Examination of Thesis. The study was based on Modigliani and Miller's Capital Structure Theory which served as the theoretical framework, emphasizing the impact of an entity's capital structure on its value and overall performance (Modigliani & Miller, 1958). Paid-up capital is a crucial factor considered by investors when assessing life insurance firms, as it reflects the entity's financial health, risk tolerance, and growth potential (Simerly & Li, n.d.). Investors are more confident in insurers with larger paid-up capital, as it indicates their ability to fulfill financial commitments and honor policy claims (Daryl, 2020). Moreover, a higher paid-up capital signifies effective risk management practices, protecting investors and policyholders from unforeseen risks (Elingrud, 2022). The amount of paid-up capital also hints at an insurer's growth potential, making entities with larger capital levels more attractive investment options due to increased growth prospects (Ellingrud, 2022). Regulatory agencies impose paid-up capital requirements to ensure financial stability and solvency, providing investors with confidence in an entity's compliance and stability (Samani, 2023). By examining the paid-up capital of insurance entities, investors can make informed decisions about acquiring shares based on their financial performance and capital structure. The study examined the financial performance of selected insurance entities by comparing their paid-up capital as listed in the Insurance Commission as well as their respective financial ratios in all areas of analysis. It aimed to understand how this comparison influences investor decision-making when acquiring shares. Paid-up capital represents the equity capital contributed by shareholders and reflects the entity's financial health and ability to fulfill policyholder commitments. Investors consider paid-up capital as a crucial factor when assessing insurance firms. A higher paid-up capital enhances investor confidence in the entity's capacity to honor policy claims and manage risks effectively. It also indicates growth potential and attractiveness as an investment option. Regulatory agencies impose paid-up capital requirements to ensure financial stability and solvency. By evaluating the paid-up capital of insurance entities, investors can make informed decisions about acquiring shares based on the entities' financial performance and stability. On the other hand, the financial ratios of these selected entities are also important because the different financial ratio measures the company's loss experience as a proportion of premium income earned during a specific year. The loss ratio as an example is a reflection on the nature of risk underwritten and the adequacy or inadequacy of pricing of risks. The expense ratio reflects the efficiency of insurance operations. Both are one of the special ratios that insurance entities Use to determine their financial performance including the also the Combine ratio. The researchers utilized a qualitative research approach and collected financial data from various sources, including annual reports and regulatory filings. Comparative analysis was conducted using liquidity ratios, profitability ratios, solvency ratios, efficiency ratios, and other financial performance indicators. The study aimed to identify variations in financial performance across entities and understand the relationship between paid-up capital and investor decision-making. Secondary sources, such as Department Order 05-2021 and the Paid-up Capital of Life Insurance Companies report, were used as instruments for data collection. Additionally, a financial analysis was conducted to evaluate the liquidity, profitability, solvency, and efficiency ratios of the selected life insurance entities. This analysis explores the interaction between paid-up capital and financial ratios within a selected group of life insurance companies. Functioning as the foundation of financial activities, the impact of paid-up capital on efficiency, risk evaluation, profitability, and meeting obligations is evaluated using metrics such as current ratio, acid test ratio, cash ratio, cash flow coverage ratio, debt ratio, equity turnover, accounts receivable turnover, accounts payable turnover, and working capital turnover. Although higher paid-up capital generally suggests increased stability, the variations in ratios among different companies highlight that capital is just one aspect of the equation. In summary, even though higher capital does not always guarantee superior liquidity, the effective management of payable turnover demonstrated by Pioneer Life illustrates that success is not solely determined by capital amount. Additionally, East West Aegas and FWD Life, possessing greater capital, display improved solvency. Contrary to assumptions, FWD Life's substantial capital does not automatically result in a high net profit margin, whereas Allianz PNB Life achieves profitability despite having lower capital. Noteworthy is CLIMBS' efficient utilization of working capital. This reinforces the conclusion that achieving success in the insurance industry relies on effective management, strategic planning, and resource allocation, in addition to considering paid-up capital. _u
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