000			03716nam a2200289Ia 4500
001			90737
003			FT7894
005			20251117105130.0
008			240722n 000 0 eng d
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041			_aengtag
050			_aQD415 A53 2025
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100			_aCharmie Anne G. Gonzales, leynard S. Loriaga, Nathiel Angelo C. Mutas, Rafaela Andrea D. Velasco.
245		0	_aPhytochemical screening, antimicrobial susceptibility, and cytotoxic evaluation of ethanolic extracts of four endemic plants of Mt. Makiling.
264			_a. _b. _cc2024
336			_b. _atext _2rdacontent
337			_30 _b. _aunmediated _2rdamedia
338			_30 _b. _avolume _2rdacarrier
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505			_aABSTRACT: A study was conducted on four endemic Nepenthes species of the Philippines (N. graciliflora, N. mindanaoensis, N. mirabilis, N. ventricose) to test their phytochemical content, antioxidant activity, and cytotoxicity. The samples were all positive for alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids, except for N. ventricose, which was negative for saponins and tannins, and N. mirabilis, which was negative for terpenoids. In terms of their antioxidant activity, the samples are less effective than ascorbic acid. However, N. mirabilis and N. mindanaoensis produced relatively high percentage inhibition with 84.4% and 95.12% effectivity, respectively, while N. ventricose and N. Graciliflora have low percentage inhibition with 40.7% and 26.72%, respectively. Statistical tests showed that generally, they differ significantly, but there is no notable difference when compared individually. Based on their mg GAE/g extract, N. mindanaoensis has the highest total phenolic content (TPC) with the value of 291.667 = 14.556, followed by N. mirabilis and N. ventricose, resulting in 149.030 = 4.920 and 123.425 = 1.198, respectively, while N. graciliflora having the lowest TPC of 49.0917 = 1.700. Based on their calculated L.C50, N. graciliflora and N. ventricose are both non-toxic, N. mindanaoensis is non-toxic to low toxic. However, N. mirabilis is considered medium toxic to toxic.
520			_aABSTRACT: The medicinal properties of four (4) endemic plants (Balakata luzonica, Trigonostemon philippinensis, Palaquium philippense, and Planchonella duclitan) at Mt. Makiling were investigated through series of experiments that reveal the presence of significant phytrochemicals, antimicrobial activity, and cytotoxicity as a pioneering study exploring their pharmaceutical potential. Ethanolic extracts were screened qualitatively for alkaloids, cyanogenic glycosides, flavonoids, phenols, phytosterols, saponins, tannins, and terpenes, For all samples, absence of cyanogenic glycosides and phytosterols, and presence of phenols were observed. Moreover, P. duclitan had the most phytochemicals: alkaloids, phenols, saponins, tannins, and terpenes, while T-philippinensis had the least: phenols and terpenes. Subsequently, all samples had no antimicrobial activity (AI = 0) for E. coli; all are positive (AI > 0) except T. philippinensis (AI - 0) for S. aureus; while P. duclitan and T.philippinensis tested negative (AI = 0) for T. mentagrophytes. Thereafter, the cytotoxicity of T. philippinensis and P. philippinense were deem ed moderate and low, respectively, through brine shrimp lethality assay. It can be inferred that T. philippinensis has cytotoxic properties despite the lack of phytochemicals and zero antimicrobial activity, along with P. philippense. Further research is suggested to corroborate the findings and elucidate their anticancer potential.
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655			_aacademic writing
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