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100			_e _e _aViernes, Avelina S. _d _b4 _u _c0 _q16
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245		0	_a _aThe Philippine Fisheries policy : _d _ba strategy for exporters business growth and development / _n _cAvelina S. Viernes. _h6 _p
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300			_e _e _c28 cm. _axvii, 235 pages _b
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500			_a _aThesis (Ph.D.) -- Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila, 2012.;A dissertation presented to the faculty of the Graduate School of Management in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Business Administration. _d _b _c56
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520			_b _b _c _aABSTRACT: This study entitled The Philippine Fisheries Policy: a Strategy for Exporters Business Growth and Development assessed the overall policies of the Philippines in the export of shrimps/ prawns, tuna and seaweeds in terms of differences of the policies from those of importing countries such as other Asian countries, European Union and USA. It also included in the assessment of the acceptability of policies with importing countries; the rate of compliance by exporters with established policies for the three groups of countries and significant differences in the exporters rate of compliance with policies and impact of the policies to exporters business operations. The main output of the study was the development of strategy for business growth and development of fish, fishery and aquatic products exporters. The study made use of existing government policies through a proposed amendment and the use of descriptive method of research, combined with the elements of qualitative and quantitative designs. The major instrument used in gathering the data was a written survey questionnaire, constructed by the researcher and subjected to reliability and content validation. Four groups of key informants were used as respondents of the study. They were composed of 12 government officers from the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR), 39 exporters of shrimps/ prawns, 37 exporters of tuna and 36 exporters of seaweeds. The respondents were purposively selected from the 600 exporters accredited by the BFAR to export fish, fishery and aquatic products. The selection was based on the following criteria: 1. The company was registered in the roster of exporter from the BFAR; 2. The company has been in the business of exporting any of the three exports (tuna, shrimps/prawns and seaweeds) for at least three years and with records of exports in 2010 in the files of BFAR; and 3. The company was willing to participate in the survey through providing information asked therein. The 12 government respondents were taken from the 15 identified key officers of BFAR, considered as knowledgeable in the export policies and requirements. The statistical tools used in the treatment of data were frequency and percentage distribution, arithmetic mean or simple average, weighted mean, standard deviation, one-way analysis of variance and the post-hoc test of significant difference. Based on my study conducted, it was found and concluded that the export policies and standards of the Philippines with regards to the sanitary and pyhtosanitary (SPS) measures, import licensing procedures and technical barriers to trade generally conformed with the policies and standards of importing countries and in accordance with the agreements WTO as well. Importing countries were composed of: Japan, Hongkong, Korea and Taiwan (Asian group): Austria, Belgium Bulgaria, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, the Netherlands and Switzerland (European Union group) and the USA group. These three groups generally accepted the export policies of the Philippines because of the integration by the latter of the international and national fishery export policies of the three groups of importing countries. In case of differences in the established measure, the harmonization principles of WTO was applied by importing countries in their evaluation of compliance in their evaluation of compliance by exporting countries for the fish, fishery and aquatic products in order to facilitate trade. There were differences in the rate of compliance by exporters with export policies of the Philippines for importing countries such as EU, USA and other Asian countries. The exporters found it relatively easier to export to other Asian countries than exporting to the European Union and USA. It was a manifestation of the difficulties being encountered by the exporters in expanding their markets to EU and the USA. Specifically, the exporters encountered difficulties in complying with policies such as HACCP systems, SSOP/GMP, approval of permits, traceability procedures, labeling and laboratory requirements. However, in all policy areas the exporters had much higher degree of compliance with other Asian countries than those of the European Union and the USA. Other Asian countries gave exporters some degrees of flexibilities accorded to countries in the same region. In contrast, the EU and USA were very consistent with enforcement of their policies and, therefore, exporters rate of compliance was much lower for these two countries. Sufficient evidences were established that showed significant differences in compliance rates by exporters with export policies of the Philippines for three importing countries. The established evidences did not support the theory advanced by this research that exporters rate of compliance with policies and standards of importing countries were not significantly different. Instead, the evidences proved that rate of compliance by exporters with import policies of other Asian countries was significantly higher than their rate of compliance with EU and the USA. Although the export policies and standards of the Philippines for importing countries confirmed with the international standards of the importing countries, new losses in terms of demand, supply and revenues. Only big and well-established exporters were able to meet the great demand from EU and USA. Stringent policies and standards affected the growth and development of the industry because new small players concentrated their exports with neighbor countries in Asia, whose implementation of policies had been more relaxed and flexible. However, they lost opportunities to supply the demand of EU and USA importers. The recommended solutions to the identified problems in the study included the following: to ease the difficulties in complying with HACCP requirements the following were recommended: a) the government through BFAR should directly provide public physical plants, facilities, equipment, training centers and export processing offices in regions or locations of the country where most of the fish, fishery and aquatic products exports are located; b) the review of RA No. 8550 and its implementing regulations to modify and expand the BFAR's functions so that direct provisions of the physical facilities, equipment, laboratories, etc. can be included; c) New and Small exporters should consider to tie-ups with the Food Terminal Incorporated (FTI) in Taguig, Rizal allowing private exporters to open their HACCP plan, laboratories and other facilities to other exporters; d) development of policies to encourage small exporters to establish cooperatives toward construction and provision of a common physical plant for SPS compliance, training on import licensing procedures, and laboratory testings; e) development of policy to an imposition of fees for the rent of private HACCP and laboratory facilities to prevent abuses; and (5) rationalization of exportation of fees. The proposed strategy of the study provides the approaches as well as development of appropriate policies which integrate all the recommendations and offered to the BFAR and other stakeholders for the growth and development of industry in the export of fish, fishery and aquatic resources. _u
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